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Pergolas are one of the most versatile architectural elements for the exterior of a single-family house. Its applications are very diverse and range from a simple shed for the outside area of the garage, to a shaded area by the pool or in the middle of the garden.

A pergola is an architectural and structural element. They are characterized by being formed by a kind of corridor or passageway, framed by a series of pillars that support longitudinal beams, which serve as a union and roof. These beams are supported by others that make up the open trellis typical of pergolas.

This type of structure was traditionally an extension of the house and was often used as a support for climbing plants and vines.

These were already used in Egypt thousands of years ago, although what we know as a pergola, nowadays, is what is beginning to be seen in 15th century Italy. It is a structure that has evolved a lot over the years and has been gaining weight and value in modern buildings.

The Romans also adopted the custom of building pergolas in their villas and country houses. That is why the name of this structure comes from the Latin, ‘pergula’, a word that refers to a balcony with plants.

The word evolved etymologically to ‘pergola’ (an Italian word) or ‘parra’ and ’emparrado’ in Spanish, as a place where these plants were left to grow. Nowadays, we use the Spanish word in the colloquial field, while the Italian term, we adjust it to a more technical or cultured vocabulary.

Throughout history, there are different vestiges of the use of these structures. For example, in the High Middle Ages, we could find the so-called ‘green tunnels’, which could be considered the most rustic or country version of these. These were formed by a trellis, the result of the bending of the flexible wooden pillars themselves.

Pergolas have had moments of splendor throughout their history, but perhaps the most remarkable moment is the period between the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England. These structures were the basis and fashionable element in all the private gardens of the stately homes of the Victorian era.

However, nowadays, its use has spread and there are many possibilities that this structure offers. While the old ones were built exclusively with wood and other elements of vegetable origin, nowadays, they are manufactured in different materials: from specially treated wood for outdoors to aluminum or steel.

The use of pergolas in the garden or even on the terrace allows the optimization of space, but choosing the perfect pergola can be a complex job, the alternatives are varied, and each one offers different benefits, but knowing each one is the first step to make the right decision.

Pergolas are classified according to the material used during the manufacturing process of the same, likewise, the process or form of construction itself can make a big difference.

Types of pergolas according to their structure.

There are pergolas that are attached to the facade of the house, these can be called continuous or attached, and there are the independent pergolas, those that can be located in any corner of the garden of the house that you consider relevant.

The attached pergolas are an excellent alternative for terraces, they can be built with the same material used for the roof of the house to create harmony between both designs.

The Independent pergolas can be located in the space you want, it is only a matter of choosing the right one and then make the decision of the design and material with which it will be built.

Types of pergolas according to the construction material.

Wooden pergolas: the benefits of opting for this type of material for the construction of the pergola, is the versatility of the material, in addition to the naturalness of it, which fits perfectly with the garden or terrace of the house. They are also accessible, due to their low cost, and the construction process is quite fast.

Aluminum pergolas: resistant, durable, easy to build, and can also achieve more modern and minimalist designs. There are those who opt for iron, which, although they are resistant, run the risk of rusting, and aluminum, on the other hand, is light, more aesthetic, and does not suffer any rust.

Pergolas of bamboo, reed, concrete, are other options among which the user of this type of structure can choose. The choice of one or the other will depend on the demands and needs of the user.

Types of pergolas according to design.

The structure and the material are not the only factors that allow classifying the pergolas, the design is also an aspect to be considered, for example, there are those who choose pergolas with rustic designs, others are inclined towards colonial, vintage, modern designs.

The choice of the ideal design will depend on the garden or terrace where it will be installed and the final finish you want to obtain with these.